Just Like Katrina Harvey Is A Man influenced Disaster
A MAN-MADE DISASTER
The divergent death tolls illuminate key differences between the two biblical floods and their responses from emergency management officials.
What people forget about Katrina – and many never fully understood – is that the catastrophe stemmed from fatal flaws in a levee system constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Three key canals failed at water heights that were within their design specifications. The water did not come over the tops of the levees - it scoured out the earth underneath walls that were not planted deeply enough.
The explosive failures made the water rise in minutes – not hours or days – with a force that knocked houses into streets and drowned their inhabitants. Others who escaped died later of exhaustion or sickness.
No one had anticipated Katrina’s levee failures or planned for them.
In sharp contrast, government and nonprofit officials in Texas could see the threat of Harvey clearly – and had the benefit of 12 years of lesson-learning from Katrina.
Before dumping torrential rains on Houston, Harvey’s high winds ripped through the small beach town of Rockport, Texas, demolishing hundreds of buildings but causing relatively little flooding.
Houston was spared the winds but got a historic measure of rain – which meteorologists had predicted many days before the storm hit, allowing emergency and law enforcement officials to mobilize assets for search, rescue and shelter well in advance.
The lack of wind damage - and downed power lines – created an eerie glow of electric lights reflecting off flood waters. As I rode in a military rescue vehicle Monday night, I could see someone watching television in the flooded home.
‘LITTLE WET RAT’
I can’t tell you how comforting it was to hear Raeann Barber talk on Tuesday, in an unmistakable accent from St. Bernard Parish, a swampy rural area adjacent to the Ninth Ward.
As a rising tide threatened her Southeast Houston apartment, Barber recalled the seizure she suffered as Katrina targeted the Louisiana coast. She has learned that high emotions - like panic from a hurricane - can trigger her epilepsy.
So she focused on pleasant thoughts as Harvey roared toward Texas - envisioning the ocean, rainbows, anything to avoid another seizure. It worked.
She soon had water at her knees and sought refuge in a neighbor’s second-story apartment and waited for boats.
“I was a stuck little-wet rat,” she told me.
It was hardly Barber’s first brush with death. She once sold drugs and carried a gun. The head-on collision at 21 put her in a nursing home for four years, until shortly before Katrina.
“God must really love me,” she said, sitting on her cot in the storm shelter. “I survived selling drugs; I survived Katrina, and now I survived Harvey ... He really must have a purpose for me.”
The scene around us at George R. Brown Convention Center could not have contrasted more with the nightmarish images seared in my memory from the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans.
It also marked a huge improvement over the shelter I saw last weekend in a school in Rockport, where a 29-year-old aspiring screenwriter had taken on the management of a facility with no power, running water or supplies.
In downtown Houston on Tuesday, nearly 10,000 refugees occupied a shelter initially planned for 5,000. They had lights, air-conditioning, working bathrooms, ample food, water and medicine, and constant attention from hundreds of volunteers.
The outpouring of care for Houston’s flood victims owes in part to the emergency community’s deep study of Katrina’s failures, said David Scholnick, a Red Cross volunteer specializing in public and government relations.
The Red Cross made three fundamental changes since then: allowing refugees to bring pets into shelters because many refused to be rescued without them during Katrina; an intense focus on coordination with government, a key failure in 2005; and a database to efficiently identify and deploy volunteers near any disaster.
The “shelter” at the New Orleans convention center had not been planned at all. It filled up spontaneously after the Superdome - where Barber had stayed - had become overwhelmed.
The center had no power or running water; the bathrooms were horrific. Most people had little food, water or hope as they waited days for the cavalry to arrive in the form of the National Guard and buses to Houston.
Cellphones were down; smartphones hadn’t been invented; no one had seen TV; Facebook was a college network; Twitter was a bird call. So when our reporting crew came to the convention center to hand out a few skinny newspapers, they were as popular as food.
I saw four dead bodies in a rear storage room. One sat in a wheelchair, under a blanket. Another lay covered on the floor, with a visible trail of blood seeping from the body. I had seen other bodies, bloated in the water, on Ninth Ward boat trips.
Yet every hurricane I have covered offered exquisite beauty amid death and devastation. It lies in the titanic clash between the power of nature and the human will to resist it.
Reporting by Brian Thevenot; Editing by Tiffany Wu
Comments