Continued: Zeke Thomas Rape
Age
15% are under the age of 12
29% are age 12–17[57]
44% are under age 18
80% are under age 30
12–34 are the highest risk years
Girls ages 16–19 are 4 times more likely than the general population to be victims of rape, attempted rape, or sexual assault.[58]
By gender
A study from 1998 finds that,
88.7% of rape victims are women, the other 11.3% being men
17.6% of women have been victims of attempted (2.8%) or completed (14.8%) rape during their lifetime
3% of men have been victims of attempted or completed rape during their lifetime
17.7 million women have been victims of attempted or completed rape during their lifetime
2.78 million men have been victims of attempted or completed rape during their lifetime.[58]
LGBT
LGBT identifying individuals, with the exception of lesbian women, are more likely to experience sexual assault on college campuses than heterosexual individuals.[59]
1 in 8 lesbian women and nearly 50% of bisexual women and men experience sexual assault in their lifetime.
Nearly 4 in 10 gay men experience sexual violence in their lifetime.
64% of transgender people have experienced sexual assault in their lifetime.[60]
Effects
3 times more likely to suffer from depression
6 times more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder
13 times more likely to abuse alcohol
26 times more likely to abuse drugs
4 times more likely to contemplate suicide[58]
The reporting of sexual assault:
on average 68% of sexual assaults go unreported[57]
98% of rapists will not spend time in jail
The assailants:
According to the U.S. Department of Justice 1997 Sex Offenses and Offenders Study,
A rapist's age on average is 31 years old
52% of offenders are white
22% of rapists imprisoned report that they are married
Juveniles accounted for 16% of forcible rape arrestees in 1995 and 17% of those arrested for other sex offenses
In 2001,
11% of rapes involved the use of a weapon
3% used a gun
6% used a knife
2% used another form of weapon
84% of victims reported the use of physical force only[61]
According to the U.S. Department of Justice 2005 National Crime Victimization Study
About 2/3 of rapes were committed by someone known to the victim
73% of sexual assaults were perpetrated by a non-stranger
38% of rapists are a friend or acquaintance
28% are an intimate
7% are a relative [61]
College
In the United States, several studies since 1987 have indicated that one in four college women have experienced rape or attempted rape at some point in their lifetime. These studies are based on anonymous surveys of college women, not reports to the police, and the results are disputed.[62] In the documentary The Hunting Ground, the prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses is brought to attention. The schools poor judicial systems are scrutinized for not helping the victims and trying to keep these issues from the public.[63]
In 2015, Texas A&M University professor Jason Lindo and his colleagues analyzed over two decades worth of FBI data, noting that reports of rape increased 15-57% around the times of major American Football games at Division 1 schools while attempting to find a link between campus rape and alcohol.[64]
A 2006 report from the U.S. Department of Justice titled "The Sexual Victimization of College Women" reports that 3.1% of undergraduates survived rape or attempted rape during a 6–7 month academic year with an additional 10.1% surviving rape prior to college and an additional 10.9% surviving attempted rape prior to college. With no overlap between these groups, these percentages add to 24.1%, or "One in Four".[65]
Koss, Gidycz & Wisniewski published a study in 1987 where they interviewed approximately 6,000 college students on 32 college campuses nationwide. They asked several questions covering a wide range of behaviors. From this study 15% of college women answered "yes" to questions about whether they experienced something that met the definition of rape. An additional 12% of women answered "yes" to questions about whether they experienced something that met the definition of attempted rape, thus the statistic One in Four.[66]
A point of contention lies in the leading nature of the questions in the study conducted by Koss, Gidycz & Wisniewski. Koss herself later admitted that the question that had garnered the largest "rape" result was flawed and ultimately rendered the study invalid. Most prominently the problem was that many respondents who had answered yes to several questions had their responses treated as having been raped. The issue being that these same respondents did not feel they had been victimized and never sought redress for grievances. The resultant change shows a prevalence of only 1 in 22 college women having been raped or attempted to be raped during their time at college.[62]
In 1995, the CDC replicated part of this study, however they examined rape only, and did not look at attempted rape. They used a two-stage cluster sample design to produce a nationally representative sample of undergraduate college students aged greater than or equal to 18 years. The first-stage sampling frame contained 2,919 primary sampling units (PSUs), consisting of 2- and 4-year colleges and universities. The second sampling stage consisted of a random sample drawn from the primary sample unit frame enrolled in the 136 participating colleges and universities to increase the sample size to 4,609 undergraduate college students aged greater than or equal to 18 years old with a representative sample demographic matching the national demographic. Differential sampling rates of the PSU were used to ensure sufficient numbers of male and female, black and Hispanic students in the total sample population. After differential sample weighting, female students represented 55.5% of the sample; white students represented 72.8% of the sample, black students 10.3%, Hispanic students 7.1%, and 9.9% were other.[67] It was determined that nationwide, 13.1% of college students reported that they had been forced to have sexual intercourse against their will during their lifetime. Female students were significantly more likely than male students to report they had ever been forced to have sexual intercourse; 20% of approximately 2500 females (55% of 4,609 samples) and 3.9% of males reported experiencing rape thus far in the course of their lifetime.[68]
Other studies concerning the annual incidence of rape, some studies conclude an occurrence of 5%. The National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence found that in the 2013–2014 academic year, 4.6% of girls ages 14 – 17 experienced sexual assault or sexual abuse.[69] In another study, Mohler-Kuo, Dowdall, Koss & Weschler (2004)[70] found in a study of approximately 25,000 college women nationwide that 4.7% experienced rape or attempted rape during a single academic year. This study did not measure lifetime incidence of rape or attempted rape. Similarly, Kilpatrick, Resnick, Ruggiero, Conoscenti, & McCauley (2007) found in a study of 2,000 college women nationwide that 5.2% experienced rape every year.[71]
Children
Other research has found that about 80,000 American children are sexually abused each year.[72] It has been estimated that one in six American women has been or will be sexually assaulted during her life.[73] Largely because of child and prison rape, approximately ten percent of reported rape victims are male.[74]
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