Jamaica } Epidemic of Homophobia and Violence
Portia Simpson-Miller (Photo: Portia Simpson Miller/Facebook)
Jamaica’s only gay rights organization is at the end of a long driveway in a quiet Kingston neighborhood.
It’s called JFLAG – Jamaica Forum for Lesbians, All-Sexuals and Gays.
But there’s no sign on its door.
Outside, there’s a surveillance camera; inside, there’s a panic alarm connected to a 24-hour guard service. Security is so tight, the staff use pseudonyms.
Dane Lewis, JFLAG’s 37-year-old director, is the only one who uses his real name.
Soft-spoken and thoughtful, Lewis is no firebrand. Yet he may have one of the country’s most dangerous jobs.
In 2000, a JFLAG founder fled the country after repeated threats. Four years later, another founder was killed with a machete during a robbery in his home. And JFLAG’s last director was attacked by a mob in 2007 and granted political asylum in Canada.
According to Human Rights Watch, Jamaica has an “epidemic of homophobic violence.” A gay advocacy group estimates that since 1997, nearly 40 people have been killed there because of their sexual orientation.
Police say the reports of violence are exaggerated, and many gay murders are crimes of passion or opportunity.
Lewis acknowledges it’s a dangerous environment for gays and lesbians, but he’s staying.
“I know that we all can’t leave,” he said. “Somebody has to stay and fight the fight.”
The animosity towards gays in Jamaica is deeply-rooted in the country’s Christian traditions. People often equate homosexuals with pedophiles and other sexual predators.
For years, popular dancehall songs have celebrated violence against gays and lesbians.
At the Half-Way Tree bus station in downtown Kingston, the idea of gays living openly here provoked violent outbursts. One man said he would “stab them” and “chop them up,” using the Jamaican slang for gays, “batty man.”
“No batty man around on the street, gwan, gwan away wid dat,” he said.
Another man told me that he didn’t’ think that anyone in Jamaica would accept two men kissing or walking down the road.
“I would probably beat one of them because that’s definitely against everything I believe in,” the man said.
Anti-gay comments are also expressed in official circles.
In 2008, when then Prime Minister Bruce Golding was interviewed by the BBC, he was asked if he would want to live in a Jamaica where a gay man or woman could be in the cabinet.
“Sure they can be in the cabinet,” Golding said. “But not mine.”
Lloyd d’Aguilar, a human rights activist in Kingston, said Golding’s comments were not surprising.
“Jamaica is one of the most homophobic countries in the world.”
Golding’s comment “was a signal to homophobia in Jamaica,” d’Aguilar said, “and homophobia became even more rampant.”
In 2011, reports to JFLAG of violence and discrimination against gays were triple what they were in 2008.
Steve Ralls, a spokesman for the US-based group, Immigration Equality, which handles asylum cases based on sexual orientation, says that his group has more clients from Jamaica than any other country in the world.
“Many of our clients from Jamaica, especially lesbians, report to Immigration Equality stories of horrific violence, including family members who find individuals to rape their daughters as a method to correct their sexual orientation,” Ralls said.
But last year, something surprising happened in Jamaica.
It was when the country’s two candidates for prime minister met for a televised debate. The moderator asked them, “What do you think of former Prime Minister Golding’s statement that homosexuals were not welcome in his cabinet and do you share his sentiments?”
One candidate, Andrew Holness, dodged the question. His opponent, Portia Simpson-Miller, did not.
“I do not support the position of the former prime minister, because people should be appointed based on their ability,” Simpson-Miller said.
Then she added, “No one should be discriminated against because of their sexual orientation.”
She also said the government should revisit its anti-gay law. No Jamaican politician of her stature had ever said anything like this in public, especially while running for office.
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